Wounds caused by cats and dogs can become easily infected because of bacteria on their claws and teeth. There are a few things you need to keep in mind when it comes to bites and scratches from cats and dogs.

Dog bites:

• Children between the ages of one and four are at the greatest risk of being bitten by a dog.
• Small children are at the greatest risk because of their size, but also because they often don’t behave appropriately around dogs – pulling their tail, taking their food, putting their face into the face of the dog.
• All dogs – regardless of temperament, age, or breed – can bite.
• The beloved family pet is the most common biting culprit.

Cat scratch disease:

• Cat scratch disease is an infection that is spread by fleas amongst cats.
• The infection can be passed on to humans if an infected cat uses its claws to break the skin.
• Cat scratch disease usually appears as a lump at the site of the broken skin. This may last for several weeks and result in a gland (usually in the armpit or groin depending on where the scratch occurred) becoming sore and swollen.
• While most infections disappear without the need for any medical attentions, occasionally it’s necessary to take a course of antibiotics.

Preventing bites and scratches:

• Always supervise young children near dogs – even the family pet!
• Make sure that your dog is properly trained to sit, stay, drop and come.
• Choose a breed that is suited to your families’ lifestyle and environment.
• Teach your child to always ask permission from the owner before approaching an unfamiliar animal.
• Never surprise a sleeping or eating dog.
• Teach your child to stay calm, stand still and avoid eye contact rather than jump and shout, if he’s approached by an unfamiliar dog.
• It’s your responsibility to keep your child safe around animals so teach him how to behave safely around animals.

If your child is bitten:

• Always clean and disinfect the site of a scratch or bit thoroughly
• If there is any sign of infection (red, hot, swollen), see your GP for advice.
• Keep your child’s tetanus immunisation up to date to avoid the risk of tetanus.

This article was written by Ella Walsh for Kidspot.